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White-bellied spider monkey
The white-bellied spider monkey (''Ateles belzebuth''), also known as the white-fronted or long-haired spider monkey, is an endangered species of spider monkey, a type of New World monkey. It is found in the north-western Amazon in Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil, ranging as far south as the lower Ucayali River and as far east as the Branco River.〔 In the past, the Peruvian, brown and white-cheeked spider monkeys have been treated as subspecies of ''A. belzebuth''. As presently defined, the white-bellied spider monkey is monotypic.〔 It has a whitish belly and a pale patch on the forehead, which, despite its common name, often is orange-buff.〔Sumac Muyu Foundation (2009). ''(Photo of Ateles belzebuth. )'' Flickr〕〔raskin227 (2009). ''(Photo of Ateles belzebuth. )'' Flickr〕 They live in groups of 20 to 40 individuals, splitting into small parties of 1 to 9 when in activity.
Vernacular names include ''mono prieto'', ''mico prieto'' and ''marimonda'' (Colombia).
==Locomotion==
All members of ''Ateles'' are semi-brachiators, and this species has an intermembral index of 105. They have a fairly dorsally placed scapula to allow for increased mobility involved in brachiation. Their prehensile tail with a hairless gripping pad at the end also allows for this locomotion, which then means they have increased caudal vertebrae, with about 31 caudal vertebrae as opposed to another platyrrhine like ''Cebus'' with only 23 on average. This tail allows for additional grasping of branches, which means there is less lateral movement while brachiating which increases efficiency. The hairless gripping pad of the underside of the tip of their tail is often compared to a finger, since it allows surface gripping. Their curved hands with long metacarpal bones allows for easy brachiation. They do not have an external thumb, which sets them apart from most other primates.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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